本示例演示 Example of a map that delegates rendering to a worker.
本示例演示在 web worker 使用 OffscreenCanvas
渲染地图。
注意: 目前浏览器只支持 Chrome, Edge, Firefox > 105, Safari > 16.4。
import Layer from 'ol/layer/Layer.js';
import Map from 'ol/Map.js';
import Source from 'ol/source/Source.js';
import View from 'ol/View.js';
import stringify from 'json-stringify-safe';
import {FullScreen} from 'ol/control.js';
import {
compose,
create,
toString as toTransformString,
} from 'ol/transform.js';
import {createXYZ} from 'ol/tilegrid.js';
const worker = new Worker('./worker.js', {type: 'module'});
let container,
transformContainer,
canvas,
rendering,
workerFrameState,
mainThreadFrameState;
// Transform the container to account for the difference between the (newer)
// main thread frameState and the (older) worker frameState
function updateContainerTransform() {
if (workerFrameState) {
const viewState = mainThreadFrameState.viewState;
const renderedViewState = workerFrameState.viewState;
const center = viewState.center;
const resolution = viewState.resolution;
const rotation = viewState.rotation;
const renderedCenter = renderedViewState.center;
const renderedResolution = renderedViewState.resolution;
const renderedRotation = renderedViewState.rotation;
const transform = create();
// Skip the extra transform for rotated views, because it will not work
// correctly in that case
if (!rotation) {
compose(
transform,
(renderedCenter[0] - center[0]) / resolution,
(center[1] - renderedCenter[1]) / resolution,
renderedResolution / resolution,
renderedResolution / resolution,
rotation - renderedRotation,
0,
0
);
}
transformContainer.style.transform = toTransformString(transform);
}
}
const map = new Map({
layers: [
new Layer({
render: function (frameState) {
if (!container) {
container = document.createElement('div');
container.style.position = 'absolute';
container.style.width = '100%';
container.style.height = '100%';
transformContainer = document.createElement('div');
transformContainer.style.position = 'absolute';
transformContainer.style.width = '100%';
transformContainer.style.height = '100%';
container.appendChild(transformContainer);
canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
canvas.style.position = 'absolute';
canvas.style.left = '0';
canvas.style.transformOrigin = 'top left';
transformContainer.appendChild(canvas);
}
mainThreadFrameState = frameState;
updateContainerTransform();
if (!rendering) {
rendering = true;
worker.postMessage({
action: 'render',
frameState: JSON.parse(stringify(frameState)),
});
} else {
frameState.animate = true;
}
return container;
},
source: new Source({
attributions: [
'<a href="https://www.maptiler.com/copyright/" target="_blank">© MapTiler</a>',
'<a href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright" target="_blank">© OpenStreetMap contributors</a>',
],
}),
}),
],
target: 'map',
view: new View({
resolutions: createXYZ({tileSize: 512}).getResolutions(),
center: [0, 0],
zoom: 2,
}),
});
map.addControl(new FullScreen());
map.on('pointermove', function (evt) {
if (evt.dragging) {
return;
}
const pixel = map.getEventPixel(evt.originalEvent);
worker.postMessage({
action: 'requestFeatures',
pixel: pixel,
});
});
// Worker messaging and actions
worker.addEventListener('message', (message) => {
if (message.data.action === 'loadImage') {
// Image loader for ol-mapbox-style
const image = new Image();
image.crossOrigin = 'anonymous';
image.addEventListener('load', function () {
createImageBitmap(image, 0, 0, image.width, image.height).then(
(imageBitmap) => {
worker.postMessage(
{
action: 'imageLoaded',
image: imageBitmap,
src: message.data.src,
},
[imageBitmap]
);
}
);
});
image.src = message.data.src;
} else if (message.data.action === 'getFeatures') {
showInfo(message.data.features);
} else if (message.data.action === 'requestRender') {
// Worker requested a new render frame
map.render();
} else if (canvas && message.data.action === 'rendered') {
// Worker provies a new render frame
requestAnimationFrame(function () {
const imageData = message.data.imageData;
canvas.width = imageData.width;
canvas.height = imageData.height;
canvas.getContext('2d').drawImage(imageData, 0, 0);
canvas.style.transform = message.data.transform;
workerFrameState = message.data.frameState;
updateContainerTransform();
});
rendering = false;
}
});
const info = document.getElementById('info');
function showInfo(propertiesFromFeatures) {
if (propertiesFromFeatures.length == 0) {
info.innerText = '';
info.style.opacity = 0;
return;
}
const properties = propertiesFromFeatures.map((e) =>
Object.keys(e)
.filter((key) => !key.includes(':'))
.reduce((newObj, currKey) => ((newObj[currKey] = e[currKey]), newObj), {})
);
info.innerText = JSON.stringify(properties, null, 2);
info.style.opacity = 1;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Vector tiles rendered in an offscreen canvas</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="node_modules/ol/ol.css">
<style>
.map {
width: 100%;
height: 400px;
}
.map {
background: rgba(232, 230, 223, 1);
position: relative;
}
.map .ol-rotate {
left: .5em;
bottom: .5em;
top: auto;
right: auto;
}
.info {
z-index: 1;
opacity: 0;
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
margin: 0;
background: rgba(0,60,136,0.7);
color: white;
border: 0;
transition: opacity 100ms ease-in;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="map" class="map">
<pre id="info" class="info"/>
</div>
<!-- Pointer events polyfill for old browsers, see https://caniuse.com/#feat=pointer -->
<script src="./resources/elm-pep.js"></script>
<script type="module" src="main.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
import MVT from 'ol/format/MVT.js';
import TileQueue, {
getTilePriority as tilePriorityFunction,
} from 'ol/TileQueue.js';
import VectorTileLayer from 'ol/layer/VectorTile.js';
import VectorTileSource from 'ol/source/VectorTile.js';
import stringify from 'json-stringify-safe';
import {get} from 'ol/proj.js';
import {inView} from 'ol/layer/Layer.js';
import {stylefunction} from 'ol-mapbox-style';
/** @type {any} */
const worker = self;
let frameState, pixelRatio, rendererTransform;
const canvas = new OffscreenCanvas(1, 1);
// OffscreenCanvas does not have a style, so we mock it
canvas.style = {};
const context = canvas.getContext('2d');
const sources = {
landcover: new VectorTileSource({
maxZoom: 9,
format: new MVT(),
url: 'https://api.maptiler.com/tiles/landcover/{z}/{x}/{y}.pbf?key=Get your own API key at https://www.maptiler.com/cloud/',
}),
contours: new VectorTileSource({
minZoom: 9,
maxZoom: 14,
format: new MVT(),
url: 'https://api.maptiler.com/tiles/contours/{z}/{x}/{y}.pbf?key=Get your own API key at https://www.maptiler.com/cloud/',
}),
openmaptiles: new VectorTileSource({
format: new MVT(),
maxZoom: 14,
url: 'https://api.maptiler.com/tiles/v3/{z}/{x}/{y}.pbf?key=Get your own API key at https://www.maptiler.com/cloud/',
}),
};
const layers = [];
// Font replacement so we do not need to load web fonts in the worker
function getFont(font) {
return font[0].replace('Noto Sans', 'serif').replace('Roboto', 'sans-serif');
}
function loadStyles() {
const styleUrl =
'https://api.maptiler.com/maps/topo/style.json?key=Get your own API key at https://www.maptiler.com/cloud/';
fetch(styleUrl)
.then((data) => data.json())
.then((styleJson) => {
const buckets = [];
let currentSource;
styleJson.layers.forEach((layer) => {
if (!layer.source) {
return;
}
if (currentSource !== layer.source) {
currentSource = layer.source;
buckets.push({
source: layer.source,
layers: [],
});
}
buckets[buckets.length - 1].layers.push(layer.id);
});
const spriteUrl =
styleJson.sprite + (pixelRatio > 1 ? '@2x' : '') + '.json';
const spriteImageUrl =
styleJson.sprite + (pixelRatio > 1 ? '@2x' : '') + '.png';
fetch(spriteUrl)
.then((data) => data.json())
.then((spriteJson) => {
buckets.forEach((bucket) => {
const source = sources[bucket.source];
if (!source) {
return;
}
const layer = new VectorTileLayer({
declutter: true,
source,
minZoom: source.getTileGrid().getMinZoom(),
});
layer.getRenderer().useContainer = function (target, transform) {
this.containerReused = this.getLayer() !== layers[0];
this.canvas = canvas;
this.context = context;
this.container = {
firstElementChild: canvas,
style: {
opacity: layer.getOpacity(),
},
};
rendererTransform = transform;
};
stylefunction(
layer,
styleJson,
bucket.layers,
undefined,
spriteJson,
spriteImageUrl,
getFont
);
layers.push(layer);
});
worker.postMessage({action: 'requestRender'});
});
});
}
// Minimal map-like functionality for rendering
const tileQueue = new TileQueue(
(tile, tileSourceKey, tileCenter, tileResolution) =>
tilePriorityFunction(
frameState,
tile,
tileSourceKey,
tileCenter,
tileResolution
),
() => worker.postMessage({action: 'requestRender'})
);
const maxTotalLoading = 8;
const maxNewLoads = 2;
worker.addEventListener('message', (event) => {
if (event.data.action === 'requestFeatures') {
const layersInView = layers.filter((l) =>
inView(l.getLayerState(), frameState.viewState)
);
const observables = layersInView.map((l) =>
l.getFeatures(event.data.pixel)
);
Promise.all(observables).then((res) => {
const features = res.flat();
worker.postMessage({
action: 'getFeatures',
features: JSON.parse(stringify(features.map((e) => e.getProperties()))),
});
});
return;
}
if (event.data.action !== 'render') {
return;
}
frameState = event.data.frameState;
if (!pixelRatio) {
pixelRatio = frameState.pixelRatio;
loadStyles();
}
frameState.tileQueue = tileQueue;
frameState.viewState.projection = get('EPSG:3857');
layers.forEach((layer) => {
if (inView(layer.getLayerState(), frameState.viewState)) {
const renderer = layer.getRenderer();
renderer.renderFrame(frameState, canvas);
}
});
layers.forEach(
(layer) => layer.getRenderer().context && layer.renderDeclutter(frameState)
);
if (tileQueue.getTilesLoading() < maxTotalLoading) {
tileQueue.reprioritize();
tileQueue.loadMoreTiles(maxTotalLoading, maxNewLoads);
}
const imageData = canvas.transferToImageBitmap();
worker.postMessage(
{
action: 'rendered',
imageData: imageData,
transform: rendererTransform,
frameState: JSON.parse(stringify(frameState)),
},
[imageData]
);
});
{
"name": "offscreen-canvas",
"dependencies": {
"ol": "7.3.0",
"json-stringify-safe": "^5.0.1",
"ol-mapbox-style": "^9.2.0"
},
"devDependencies": {
"vite": "^3.2.3"
},
"scripts": {
"start": "vite",
"build": "vite build"
}
}